Fonts and Mathsetter
Mathsetter can typeset with any Postscript font. However, symbol fonts are required for typesetting mathematics (e.g. ones that have Greek characters, logic symbols, square root radicals, etc). While there are thousands of fonts, few are capable of being used for typesetting mathematics. Some of them are:
Body fonts (Times, Futura, Palatino) are chosen using Quark's font menus. This is the design goal of MathSetter, the document layout is done in Quark XPress and the math portions are done with TeX.
The list of currently available Mathsetter fonts are shown under the "Mathsetter" menu.

The list corresponds to the names of precompiled TeX formats that are in the "Mathsetter Formats" folder in the "XTensions" folder. Mathsetter is shipped with formats for Computer Modern and MathTimes fonts. We also offer Lucida Math fonts and can provide formats for that family.
To add a font to Mathsetter, the format is put in the "Mathsetter Formats" folder and the TFM file into the "Mathsetter Metrics" folder.

Defining a Font
It is possible to create formats that will combine a symbol font with a different font for letters and numerals. For example, to use Helvetica with Computer Modern's symbol fonts.
Defining fonts requires a TeX font metric(TFM) file for the font and compiling a TeX format with Textures. TFMs are created with our Edmetrics utility program available on our Textures CD or from ftp.bluesky.com. Writing the format involves making a definition of each symbol in the font. While text fonts have characters in standard positions ("A" at the 65th position, "B" at the 66th), symbol fonts vary widely.
Here's a few lines from the Mathtimes format:
\mathchardef\Gamma="0130
\mathchardef\Delta="0131
\mathchardef\Theta="0132
\mathchardef\Lambda="0133
\mathchardef\Xi="0134
\mathchardef\Pi="0135
\mathchardef\Sigma="0136
\mathchardef\Upsilon="0137
The format files for the MathTimes fonts are good examples of what is involved in defining a math font.
MTmacs.tex the main macro definitions
MathTimes 10pt.tex mathsetter 10 pt format, uses MTmacs.tex
MathTimes 12pt.tex simple way to get 12pt based on 10 pt format
The same type of definitions exist for Computer Modern and can be found in plain.tex.
As you can see from the above files, creating a format for a symbol font is a lot of work. On the other hand, the process isn't done vary often because there aren't that many math fonts.